Canadian citizenship
The justice system
Canadian law is based on the rule of law: everyone is equal before it, including the government. Courts are independent, people are presumed innocent until proven guilty, and police keep people safe while being accountable to the law.
Practice prompts on this topic
- What principle means everyone, including government, must follow the law?
- In a Canadian court, a person is considered what until proven guilty?
Other Canada topics
Rights and responsibilities
Canadian citizens enjoy rights such as freedom of expression, the right to a fair trial, and the right to vote, balanced…
Who we are
Canada is a large, diverse country shaped by Indigenous peoples, French and British settlers, and immigrants from around…
Canada's history
Long before European contact, Indigenous nations lived across the land. French and British colonization, the Confederati…
How Canadians govern themselves
Canada is a constitutional monarchy, a parliamentary democracy, and a federation. Power is shared between the federal go…
Federal elections
Citizens 18 and older can vote for a Member of Parliament in their local riding. The political party that wins the most …
Canadian symbols
Well-known symbols include the maple leaf and national flag, the beaver, the Crown, and official ceremonies. These symbo…
Canada's regions and economy
Canada spans several regions, from the Atlantic provinces to the West Coast and the northern territories. Its economy bl…
These notes are written independently and do not reproduce text from the official Discover Canada guide, which is Crown copyright. HundredCivics is not affiliated with the Government of Canada. Always study the official guide for the Canadian citizenship test.